Background: The built environment can constrain or facilitate physical activity. Most studies of the health consequences of the built environment face problems of selection bias associated with confounding effects of residential choice and transportation decisions.Purpose: To examine the cross-sectional associations between objective and perceived measures of the built environment; BMI; obesity (BMI>30 kg/m2); and meeting [...] Read more »

Background: Active travel is beneficial to public health, but longitudinal population surveillance data on this behavior are limited.Purpose: This study aims to monitor active travel at different health-enhancing thresholds and to identify trip purposes that contributed to health by using transport survey data.Methods: The continuous Sydney Greater Metropolitan Area Household Travel Survey (1997–2007) was analyzed [...] Read more »

Background: Studies examining environmental influences on adolescent physical activity largely measure the presence and availability of social resources and built environment facilities. Unfortunately, this research approach provides limited information about adolescents’ social company during exercise or the extent to which adolescents actually use physical settings for physical activity.Purpose: The current study used data from the [...] Read more »

Background: Evidence indicates that the rising trend in overweight and obesity may be stronger for people from more socioeconomically advantaged backgrounds.Purpose: This study used longitudinal, multilevel data to describe trajectories of BMI for people living in more- versus less-deprived neighborhoods.Methods: Data from 2501 women and 5650 men in the Whitehall II study who were followed [...] Read more »

Background: Differences between black and white women in the associations of sedentary and active behaviors and obesity are mostly unknown.Purpose: To examine associations of sedentary and active behaviors with BMI, a marker of overall obesity, in a large group of black and white women and to determine whether there are differences by race in these [...] Read more »

Background: Computerized, tailored interventions have the potential to be a cost-effective means to assist a wide variety of individuals with behavior change. This study examined the effect of computerized tailored physical activity reports on primary care patients’ physical activity at 6 months.Design: Two-group randomized clinical trial with physicians as the unit of randomization. Patients were [...] Read more »

Background: The risk of active TB resulting from military deployment to endemic areas is unknown. It has typically been assumed that the risk of TB approximates the risk among local nationals in that country.Purpose: This nested case–control study assesses the putative association of overseas deployment with active tuberculosis among active-component U.S. military service members.Methods: Deployment [...] Read more »

Background: Cigarette smoking is common among homeless people, but its characteristics in this vulnerable population have not been studied at a national level. Whether homeless smokers receive advice to quit from healthcare providers is also unknown.Purpose: To determine the prevalence and predictors of current cigarette smoking, smoking cessation, and receipt of clinician advice to quit [...] Read more »

Background: The reasons for the reportedly high levels of TV watching among older adults despite its potential negative health consequences are not known.Purpose: To investigate age differences in time use and affective experience in TV use in a nationally representative sample.Methods: Using an innovative assessment of affective experience in a nationally representative sample, several putative [...] Read more »

Background: The reasons for the reportedly high levels of TV watching among older adults despite its potential negative health consequences are not known.Purpose: To investigate age differences in time use and affective experience in TV use in a nationally representative sample.Methods: Using an innovative assessment of affective experience in a nationally representative sample, several putative [...] Read more »